SWCU's 52nd Anniversary: International Conference on the Global Impact of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia

To celebrate the Satya Wacana Christian University 52nd Anniversary, the Center for Gender Research and Studies - Satya Wacana Christian University (Indonesia) together with I-SEED (Austria) have hosted on December 2, 2008 an International Conference on the Global Impact of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia. It aims at providing the scientific foundation for further action on the wider topic of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia. It has to be stressed that the 2008 Salatiga Conference did not be a political conference but that its aims are solely scientific.

In this conference 6 papers have been presented. They are:
1. Responding to National Policies on Migrant Workers: Activism of Indonesian Local NGOs (Solidaritas Perempuan and Migrant CARE)
By Sylvia Yazid. PhD Candidate. School of Political and Social Inquiry, Faculty of Arts,
Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

2. The Anemia Status of Local Women Migrant Who Worked as “Gendong Labour” in Legi Traditional Market at Surakarta City
By dr. Anik Lestari & dr. Diffah Hanim (Center for Gender Studies, Sebelas Maret University)

3. Women Migrant Workers’ Reaction to the Marginalization
Arianti Ina R.Hunga (Center for Gender Reseach & Studies – Satya Wacana Christian University)

4. The Social Impact of Women Migrant Workers Influencing Women Migrant Workers and Their Families in Fulfilling Family Functions (A Case Study in Salatiga)
By Purwanti Asih Anna Levi (Center for Gender Research and Studies - Satya Wacana Christian University)

5. The Concept of Success among Women Migrant Workers: A Case Study in Salatiga
By Purwanti Kusumaningtyas. (Lecturer of Faculty of Language and Literature, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga. She is interested in gender studies, literary and cultural studies and alternative education)

6. An Emic Study of the Phenomenon of Muted Women Migrant Workers in Salatiga and its Surrounding Towns
By Mustika Kuri Prasela (Communication Department, Faculty of Social and Political Science Satya Wacana Christian Univesity & Gender Study Center Satya Wacana Christian University)

Kajian Wanita - Dikti 2008: Muted Group dalam Keluarga Pekerja Migran Perempuan (Studi Emik Kasus di Kota Salatiga & Sekitarnya)

Calon TKI/W sedang belajar Bahasa Inggris di SDN Glawan.


Calon TKI/W sedang belajar Bahasa Inggris bersama tim peneliti di rumah salah seorang peserta

The condition of migrant workers is getting worse because of the poor preparatory training. Their poor educational background, which is rooted back from their childhood, results in low bargaining position. There is a notion that they do not decide for themselves what education suits them, but social and cultural values influence and dominate them. Their rights to voice their intention to continue education are impeded by the stereotype and subordinated by their families and society.

Thus, research on social cultural domination on migrant workers in terms of education access becomes necessary. The domination pattern and exploitation fact on the migrant workers could emerge on their in-group communication pattern. Communication pattern amidst the community members in migrant workers supplier territory could be one of the precious clues to trace. In communication occur many message transfers which provide us evidence of devaluation of migrant workers’ education access.

This research is an emic study with gender perspective that also implements muted group theory. The theory is employed to scrutinize migrant workers’ education access marginalization and delegitimation. Emic study certainly is a participatory research and therefore, this study focuses on the pattern of dialog about education in the family and society.

This research is to find out how those migrant workers’ lack of space to express themselves in terms of educational matters. They got many influences from family and society which hampers their desire to continue education. Finally, those interventions emerge as a dominant argument in the education communication pattern.

Keywords: Migrant worker, muted group, low education access, communication pattern.

Research Team:
Mustika Kuri Prasela, S.Si
Anita Patricia, S.Sos.
Volunteers

Pendidikan Keluarga Berwawasan Gender (PKBG): Mengelola Usaha Produktif Rumah Tangga

Pelatihan menjahit untuk memenuhi order dari pasar luar negeri (Belanda)


Pelatihan membuat handicraft yang melibatkan anggota keluarga laki-laki & perempuan

Ketidaksetaraan dan ketidakadilan gender masih menjadi persoalan dalam masyarakat Indonesia, tidak terkecuali bagi masyarakat Kota Salatiga. Hal ini muncul dalam tindak kekerasan terhadap perempuan dalam rumah tangga yang cenderung meningkat dalam 3 tahun terakhir ini di Jawa Tengah, khususnya di Kota Salatiga. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) muncul dalam dimensi yang luas, tidak hanya dalam bentuk fisik
tetapi juga psikologis maupun ekonomi. Dalam konteks ekonomi, kekerasan yang muncul berupa pemutusan akses dan kontrol terhadap sumber daya ekonomi rumah tangga, larangan untuk terlibat dalam kegiatan ekonomi produktif, tidak memberi nafkah, dsb.

Pemecahan persoalan ini menjadi sangat efektif bila dimulai dari pendidikan keluarga yang berbasis gender yang diwujudkan dalam aktifitas ekonomi bersama yang melibatkan suami (laki-laki), isteri (perempuan), dan anak. Dalam aktifitas konkrit ini, dimasukkan/diintegrasikan aspek pendidikan untuk mengubah kerangka berpikir, pandangan-pandangan, dan perilaku yang bias gender selama ini. Aktifitas ini sekaligus untuk menjawab persoalan kemiskinan yang masih membelenggu masyarakat hingga saat ini. Pemecahan masalah kemiskinan perempuan merupakan hal ”mendasar” yang perlu dilakukan oleh bangsa ini karena menyangkut pemenuhan HAM. Salah satu kebijakan pemerintah dalam aspek pendidikan untuk merespon persoalan ini adalah adanya Undang-undang No. 20 tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional yang dinyatakan bahwa salah satu program Pendidikan Informal adalah Pendidikan Keluarga Berwawasan Gender (PKBG). Program ini merupakan respon pemerintah terhadap program pengarusutamaan genger (PUG) yang diarahkan dalam pendidikan informal. Program ini tidak hanya diarahkan pada kemampuan kognitif, tetapi menekankan perubahan perilaku dan kemampuan teknis (ketrampilan) yang dapat menjadi ”alat” untuk dapat mengambil peran aktif dalam keluarga dan masyarakat dan memperoleh penghargaan dan perlakuan yang ”setara” di antara aktor-aktor di dalamnya (laki-laki dan perempuan).

Program peningkatan kualitas SDM berwawasan gender bukan hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah tetapi semua masyarakat. Berangkat dari pemahaman ini, maka Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender – UKSW bekerjasama dengan Parahita Foundation Salatiga dan Sawini Trade-Netherlands merasakan ”terpanggil” untuk ikut memberikan kontribusi dalam program pemerintah khususnya melalui Dinas Pendidikan Kota Salatiga untuk mengakses dan merealisasikan program-program di bawah Direktorat Pembinaan Kursus dan Kelembagaan – Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Non Formal dan Informal – Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. Sebagai wujud komitmen ini, dirintislah program Pendidikan Keluarga Berwawasan Gender (PKBG) yang menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari program pendidikan perempuan, yang diarahkan untuk meningkatkan akses dan kualitas SDM perempuan agar mampu mengambil peran aktif dalam masyarakat.

Tim Riset Aksi:
Ir. Arianti Ina R. Hunga, M.Si. (Ketua)
Purwanti Asih Anna Levi, S.S. (Anggota)
Hannah van Grimbergen (Anggota)
Lotte Driedonks (Anggota)
Eunice Frijde (Anggota)
Kristiani Rahayu, M.Pd. (Anggota)
Dra. Prastiwi (Anggota)

Pendidikan Perempuan: Membangun Kapasitas Ekonomi Produktif

Pelatihan membuat handicraft bertema Natal dari bahan ban bekas dan kertas daur ulang

Kualitas sumber daya manusia perempuan menentukan kemajuan suatu masyarakat dan generasi mendatang. Pentingnya aspek ini bukan hanya karena perempuan mempunyai fungsi kodrati untuk hamil, melahirkan, dan memelihara anak. Dalam konteks ini pendidikan perempuan akan menentukan kualitas anak yang menjadi generasi mendatang. Lebih dari itu, sebagai manusia perempuan mempunyai hak dasar untuk memperoleh kesempatan seluas-luasnya dalam berkontribusi dalam keluarga dan masyarakat. Hal ini justru menjadi masalah pelik dari bangsa Indonesia khususnya di Kota Salatiga di tengah realitas di mana kesempatan ini masih terbatas bagi sebagian besar perempuan. Pemecahan kemiskinan merupakan hal ”mendasar” yang perlu dilakukan oleh bangsa ini karena menyangkut pemenuhan HAM.

Salah satu kebijakan pemerintah dalam aspek pendidikan untuk merespon persoalan ini adalah adanya Undang-Undang No. 20 tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional yang dinyatakan bahwa salah satu program Pendidikan Non Formal adalah Pendidikan Kecakapan Hidup (PKH atau life skill). Program ini diarahkan bagi masyakat yang tidak memunyai akses atau kesempatan di pendidikan formal dan berasal dari keluarga miskin. Ketrampilan yang dimiliki diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kapasitas pribadi peserta didik agar mampu mengambil peran aktif dalam kegiatan produktif dan khususnya menjadi ”bekal” mencari nafkah atau meningkatkan kualitas hasil pekerjajaan untuk mendukung ekonomi keluarga.

Program peningkatan kualitas SDM bukan hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah tetapi semua masyarakat. Berangkat dari pemahaman ini, maka Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender – Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana bersama-sama dengan Parahita Foundation merasa ”terpanggil” untuk ikut memberikan kontribusi dalam program pemerintah melalui program Pendidikan Perempuan yang diarahkan untuk pemberdayaan perempuan sehingga perempuan mampu memberikan kualitas kontribusi dalam keluarga dan masyarakat dan memperoleh penghargaan yang setara dalam keluarga dan masyarakat.

Kerjasama Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender – Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana dan Parahita Fondation dalam merealisasikan program ini dalam upaya mengoptimalkan sumber daya yang dimiliki dan mendukung kesinambungan program ini.

Tim Riset Aksi:
Ir. Arianti Ina R. Hunga, M.Si. (Ketua)
Purwanti Asih Anna Levi, S.S. (Anggota)
Hannah van Grimbergen (Anggota)
Lotte Driedonks (Anggota)
Eunice Frijde (Anggota)
Dra. Prastiwi (Anggota)

Kajian Wanita - Dikti 2008: Perubahan Peran Gender & Marginalisasi Perempuan dalam Keluarga Pekerja Migran -Studi Kasus di Kota Salatiga & Sekitarnya

Persoalan Perempuan Pekerja Migran (TKW) merupakan gambaran konkrit kemiskinan perempuan. Kompleksitas persoalan ini melibatkan berbagai pihak dan menjadi persoalan sistem dan struktural dengan faktor penyebab dan kendala yang tidak tunggal. Oleh keluarganya TKW djadikan obyek/komoditas untuk melepaskan diri dari lingkaran kemiskinan.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran:
1) perubahan peran gender Perempuan Pekerja Migran dalam dalam rumah tangga dan masyarakatnya;
2) bentuk-bentuk marginalisasi Perempuan Pekerja Migran dalam rumah tangga dan masyarakatnya;
3) faktor mendasar apa yang mendasari proses marginalisasi Perempuan Pekerja Migran dalam rumah tangga dan masyarakatnya.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dari perspektif gender. Subyek penelitian adalah TKW dan mantan TKW di salah satu desa (Desa Waru Doyong)pensuplai TKW dari Jawa Tengah.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa:
1) Gambaran umum Desa Warung Doyong merupakan desa yang marginal, baik dalam arti kepemerintahan (sebagai wilayah “pinggiran”) maupun kemasyarakatan. Gambarannya adalah: keterbatasan lahan pertanian dan peluang kerja, SDM yang terbatas (pendidikan, wawasan, & ketrampilan), dan persoalan sosial-ekonomi yang kompleks (pengangguran, putus sekolah, hubungan seks terlarang, kekurangan gizi pada anak balita, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, dll).

2) Perubahan peran gender yang terjadi lebih mereproduksi peran gender tradisional yang terjadi. Ketidakhadiran TKW di rumahnya tidak menyebabkan suami mengambil alih peran tersebut tetapi menggeser/mengalihkan peran tersebut pada perempuan lain, seperti orang tua, mertua, saudara (kakak/adik). Perempuan Pekerja Migran hanya mengalami mobilitas horizontal dalam arti tidak ada perubahan peran yang bermakna, yaitu hanya pergeseran dari peran domestik ke domestik. Perbedaannya hanyalah pada wilayah di mana pekerjaan itu berlangsung. Kontribusi Perempuan Pekerja Migran ternyata tidak meningkatkan posisi tawarnya dalam keluarga dan masyarakat. Mereka tetap tersubordinasi dalam “kekuasaan” para suami dan laki-laki dalam masyarakat.

3) TKW mengalami proses marginalisasi secara struktural dan sistematis yang nampak pada level rumah tangga, sistem Pekerja Migran, dan masyarakat. Marginalisasi terjadi dalam basis nilai (ucapan/bahasa/wacana, stereotype, dan maknanya) dan basis material (jenis pekerjaaan, perlakuan, dan penghargaan). Bentuknya, antara lain:

a) Negara melalui organisasi perempuan yang sudah terbentuk sejak zaman Orde Baru yaitu PKK. ‘Ideologi’ gender (ibunisme) diterjemahkan (diindoktrinasikan) dalam Mars PKK , peraturan dalam organisasi, 10 program pokok PKK, dan Panca Darma Wanita.

b) Dalam sistem yang terkait dengan profesi Pekerja Migran, profesi Pekerja Migran diwacanakan dan dimaknai sebagai “mbabu”, kelas sosial "bawah”, dan sekaligus menjadi “katup pengaman” dan “jalan” memperbaiki ekonomi. Proses marginalisasi nampak dalam:
1) Penyingkiran Perempuan dalam rantai perekonomian dalam masyarakat dan sekaligus memasukkan mereka dalam belenggu siklus per’TKW-an” yang tidak mereka ketahui secara utuh, menggunakan kapasitas diri seadanya (pendidikan rendah), dan mempertaruhkan diri akan potensi kekerasan yang ada di dalamnya;
2) Pengucilan perempuan dalam rantai ekonomi pedesaan di mana perempuan hanya memperoleh sedikit sekali peluang ekonomi di desa yang memang semakin hari semakin sedikit;
3) Feminisasi Pasar Pekerja Migran. Perempuan mengalami obyektifikasi keperempuanan mereka dalam siklus pekerjaan yang identik dengan Buruh dan PRT;
4) Pemiskinan TKW atau dirinya adalah wujud akhir dari semua yang dilakukan yang sedianya untuk keluarga. Apa yang diperoleh tidak memberikan dampak pada mobilitas vertikal dalam rumah tangga dan masyarakat.

c) dalam rumah tangga TKW merupakan pihak yang disalahkan/“ditumbalkan” jika terjadi kegagalan pendidikan anak dan kehancuran keluarga akibat perceraian, perselingkukan, kehamilan tidak diinginkan, pernikahan usia dini, dll.

d) “Solidaritas” dan “distribusi” beban ganda (kemiskinan) pada sekelompok perempuan dalam ikatan persaudaraan untuk memikul tanggung jawab rumah tangga karena ketidakhadiran isteri yang berprofesi sebagai TKW. Faktor mendasar marjinalisasi Perempuan Pekerja Migran dalam keluarga adalah “ideologi” gender. Nilai-nilai berdasarkan gender disosialisasikan sejak kecil, membangun “kesadarn subyektifitas”, selanjutnya menjadi acuan dalam identifikasi dan menentukan pilihan pekerjaan, serta membentuk sikap untuk menerima fakta marginalisasi yang diperoleh. Mengacu pada penelitian kajian wanita ini, pendidikan kritis bagi perempuan merupakan kebutuhan untuk membangun kapasitas diri perempuan dalam membangun daya tawar. Untuk itu dibutuhkan penelitian dan aksi lanjut yang bisa memberikan kontribusi baik secara konseptual dan praktis. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk menjawab persoalan dan kebutuhan subyek penelitian. Ada tiga komponen yang akan menjadi perhatian, yaitu:

1) SDM yang ditekankan pada bagaimana melakukan pendidikan kritis untuk membangun sikap kritis.
2) pengembangan inovasi yang diarahkan untuk transfer ketrampilan (life skill) yang mengarah pada membangun jiwa wirausaha; dan
3) membangun kelembagaan (pengorgansasian) pada aras perempuan calon, pekerja migran maupun mantan pekerja migran sebagai basis membangun capacity building menghadapi sistem per‘TKW-an” yang semakin kompleks. Out-put dari penelitian ini pada aras konseptual adalah model penelitian daya tawar dan pada aras praktis adalah peningkatan daya tawar pekerja migran. Penelitian akan menggunakan metode partisipatory action research (PAR) yang diarahkan untuk rekayasa sosial dari pendekatan intersiplin.

Tim Peneliti:
Purwanti Kusumaningtyas, M.Hum. (Ketua)
Purwanti Asih Anna Levi, S.S. (Anggota)
Volunteers

3rd Salatiga International Seminar 2008: CALL FOR RESEARCH / CALL FOR PAPERS: GLOBAL IMPACT OF WOMEN MIGRANT WORKERS FROM SOUTH-EAST ASIA

The Center for Gender Research - Satya Wacana Christian University (Indonesia) together with I-SEED (Austria) will host from December 2-5, 2008 an International Conference on the Global Impact of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia. It aims at providing the scientific foundation for further action on the wider topic of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia. It has to be stressed that the 2008 Salatiga Conference will not be a political conference but that its aims are solely scientific.

Motivation
From December 8 – 9, 2006 the International Seminar on Gender was held in Salatiga. This is first edition of the Seminar the focus was put on Gender Mainstreaming in Education. The second edition was held also in Salatiga on December 4 – 6, 2007. Then the Seminar focused on Gender Mainstreaming in Education as a means to Poverty Reduction.

The format of the conference implied that papers on the matter were presented and subjected to peer review where after a winning presentation was awarded.

The specific topic raised in the winning presentation of the 2007 conference was then judged to be of the out most importance but the participants in the seminar also concluded that further and wider research is needed. Indeed, the phenomenon of Women Migrant Workers is not particular to West Java or central Java but affects large parts of South East Asia as “exporting” countries, and large parts of the rest of Asia Europe, Australia and even the United States as “importing” countries. Furthermore, it should not be forgotten that the phenomenon of Women Migrant Workers concerns not only poorly educated women from rural areas but affects also highly skilled and trained female academics, leaving South East Asia.

Some data are available and others have already done valuable research on aspects of the phenomenon of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia. However, no study or handbook that covers the global issue in a multidisciplinary and purely scientific way is available yet. The 2008 Salatiga Conference on the Global Impact of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia, wants to remedy this lack of a global overview and thus to provide the scientific foundations for further action. This enterprise is so vast that those who have already contributed to the past two International Seminars on Gender held in Salatiga, cannot do it without help and input from others.

The steering committee kindly invites all interested scientist or institutions to contribute in the research and to participate at the 2008 Salatiga International Conference on the Global Impact of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia.

Who can participate?
Everybody who is able to do accurate scientific research is invited to study on the aspects he or she chooses within the topic of the Global Impact of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia.

The background of the participant is less important: academics, experts, civil servants, NGO’s, etc., all are invited to do the research for the 2008 Salatiga International Conference as long as the work they produce is scientific. In the understanding of the steering committee scientific research is the unbiased gathering of verifiable data and its proper analysis, preferably in a multidisciplinary context.

Once more it has to be stressed that, though also politicians are welcome, no political goals are declared. It might well be that the findings of the 2008 Salatiga International Conference stirs up the need for political action, but a priori its aim is to be purely scientific. Although everybody is entitled to his opinion and beliefs, scientific papers without bias or implied positions are expected.

What is wanted?
Anecdotal evidence and small scale studies on several aspects of the topic exist already. The aim of the 2008 Salatiga International Conference is not to repeat those or to be just one more in a growing row of fragmented studies.

The expressed aim of the 2008 Salatiga International Conference is to bundle in large scale, multidisciplinary, global studies, the scientific foundations for policy making on the phenomenon of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia.

As it is the stressed aim of the 2008 Salatiga International Conference to give a global, scientific, multidisciplinary overview, of the phenomenon of Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia. The topic has to be examined in interdisciplinary approaches and it is hoped for a large participation from each concerned country.

Therefore teamwork should be considered. In this respect the steering committee wants to play a facilitating role where researchers from different countries form teams for joint studies and presentations.

The steering committee thinks about the following aspects that could be
studied:
• The migrational flow: from which country to (mainly) which country? Quantitative and qualitative analysis.
• The emigrational flow: quantitative analysis of women leaving SEA for good and their level of education?
• The financial flow: which amounts of money is sent by the female migrant workers to their home country? Via which means? At what cost? Tax? Exchange Rates? Which is the impact on the local economy of the home country? Direct or indirect impact on national economy?
• The cultural flow: is there a transposition of cultural attitudes or values from one country to another via the Women Migrant Workers from South East Asia? Has the phenomenon of women migrant workers been a source for the creation of art (poetry, paintings, sculptures, movies etc.)?
• Educational impact? Do female migrant workers get schooling which they would not have had otherwise? Does this increase the global level of education?
• Social economic impact
• Technology impact
• Family relationship impact
• Survival strategy impact
• Trafficking, Criminality, violence
• Religious impact,
• Bureaucratic requirements and procedures
• Health risks: what dispositions are taken? Difference between legal framework and practice? Position of the women migrant worker from South East Asia when she gets ill or has an accident?
• Legal framework in sending countries / receiving countries?
• Etc.

Modus operandi
(i.) Pre-selection
Candidates who want to present a paper at the 2008 Salatiga International Conference should send an abstract no longer than 500 words to the steering committee. The abstract should clearly describe the topic that will be investigated, the motivation for that choice and the methodology that is considered. Please print abstracts in letter quality type Times New Roman once spaced, on A4 paper. Use margins 2.5 cm on every side and 12-pitch
font.

Abstracts should be in English only!
If the abstract is the work of a team, one individual should be identified to which all communications can be send via e-mail for the whole team (local team coordinator)!
New due date: These abstracts should be sent via e-mail in MS-Word format (no later than May 18, 2008) until June 18, 2008 to the e-mail address pug_uksw@yahoo.com.

(ii.) Coordination
After receiving all the abstracts, the steering committee will inform the candidates of the identity of other candidates who are working on similar topics. It is hoped that this information will encourage the formation of international teams in which the research can be streamlined and globalised.

No later than (June 9, 2008) July 7, 2008 this information will be given to those who handed in abstracts. If international teams are formed, the steering committee should be informed of this no later (June 15, 2008) July 14, 2008.

(iii.) Acceptance of research.
No later than (June 9, 2008) July 7, 2008 the steering committee will inform which research will be accepted to be presented as a paper at the 2008 Salatiga International Conference. Those authors that will be accepted, be it on an individual basis or as a international team, are then required to give to the steering committee:
• the exact title of their paper
• the title page must show affiliations, complete mailing address, e-mail address, telephone, and facsimile numbers for all authors, specification who will present the paper and at the bottom of the page indicate the area of interest, In principle no changes in titles, authors or order of authorship can be accepted after this final submission and acceptance of the paper!

iv.) Presentation of the papers at the 2008 Salatiga International Conference.
All speakers have to deliver their presentation in a power point presentation.

After each presentation, a short round of questions and discussions can be held. Each presentation will be allowed to take between 10 to 20 minutes depending on the number of accepted papers for each session.

Depending on the number of papers that will be presented, the conference will be split into different groups.

In a final closing presentation, a summary of each presentation and the final conclusions will be given.

After the conference, the papers and the results of the conference will be bundled in a book.

What is offered?
The 2008 Salatiga International Conference offers those researchers that will be accepted for the presentation of their paper the opportunity to collaborate in an international environment. The accepted papers will be published in book form.

International networking and bases for future action are envisaged.

Further information
For further information please be attached to: www.uksw.edu/ppsg

2nd International Seminar on Gender Mainstreaming in Education: Poverty Reduction 2007

1. Introduction
After three decades of human resource development in Indonesia, gender equity as a
realization of human rights 1 is not yet realized (www.menegpp.go.id). Development outcomes by women are much less then by men. Investigations in the education sector show that gender inequity can be found in any education level, as early as play-groups up to higher education. Gender inequity is also an issue in field of Science and Technology as well as in the knowledge transfer from research centers and
academia to the civil society.

In the discussion about the UN Millennium Development Goals the knowledge transfer becomes a critical issue. The main question is how poverty can be eradicated if the society does not succeed in bringing know-how to the poor.

This international seminar will invite participants from all over the world to explore the possibilities women in academia have to contribute to poverty reduction. All activities from women in academia will be conforming to the frames given by the higher education degrees and the UN-Declarations (Beijing Declaration and Millennium Development Goals.

The importance of gender aspects in education is enforced by the UNO as reflected in The Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action (1996): “…education is a part of human rights and is an important means to achieve the equality, development and
peace”. The action program of Beijing Declaration defines 12 urgent areas. One of them is education, which becomes the main barrier for women to actualize themselves in their society. In Human Development Report (HDR) 2004, Human Development Indicator (HDI) in Indonesia is 0.691 (HDR 2003) and ranked 111 from 177 countries, while Gender Development Index (GDI) in Indonesia is 0.677 and ranked 91.

The UNO, again, emphasized this by Millennium Development Goals. For these reasons, Gender Mainstreaming is required to be included in many institutions’ policies, including the higher education (UNDP, 2000). In Indonesia, the Presidential Instruction (Inpres No.9/2000) becomes the legal foundation for the gender
mainstreaming in education.

2. Objectives
The general objective of this seminar is, to explore ways and means to transfer knowledge from women in academia to women at the grassroots in order to provide practical approaches for poverty alleviation.

The specific objectives of this seminar are:
�� to build awareness and commitment to gender equality.
�� to identify gender issues and to formulate an action program of knowledge transfer from women in academia to women at the grassroots.
�� to initiate a network between women in academia and local NGO’s representing women at the grassroots.

3. Themes of the seminar
�� Knowledge transfer from women in academia to women at the grassroots.
�� Evaluation of gender mainstreaming in education curricula.
�� Evaluation of gender mainstreaming in the fields of Natural Science, Mathematics, Economics, Social and Culture.
�� Implementation of gender mainstreaming in the application of Technology.

4. Target groups
This seminar is open for Researchers, Lecturers, and activists from local NGOs as representatives of their organization or as individuals. Those who will present
papers may work in a team of maximum 2 people.

5. Beneficiaries
�� Researchers/Lecturers teaching/intending to teach subjects related to
gender issues.
�� Researchers/Lecturers interested in knowledge transfer from academia to
women at the grassroots.
�� Policy makers and decision makers in gender mainstreaming and its implementation in higher education.
�� Local NGOs representing women at the grassroots.

6. Outputs
�� Awareness about the importance to transfer knowledge from academia to
women at the grassroots.
�� Awareness of and commitment to gender equity in education.
�� Awareness that women can make a difference in improving the living standard while discussing poverty alleviation.
�� Strengthening the Network of researchers, lecturers and local NGOs.
�� Publication of papers, in cooperation with accredited journals.

7. Abstract, Paper, and Presentation
�� Abstract of Paper Presentations or Poster/ Film/Photo Presentation should
be written in English and not exceed 300 words.
�� The writer’s Curriculum Vitae (CV) should accompany the abstract.
�� Full paper is in English and can be sent as a soft copy using MS Word format.
�� Full paper should consist of Abstract with Keywords, Introduction, Literature Review or Theoretical Background, Methodology, Findings/Results and Analysis, Conclusion, References, and may include Acknowledgments.
�� Each team will have 50 minutes for presentation (20 minutes for presentation and 30 minutes for discussion).
�� The Seminar will be conducted both in English and Bahasa Indonesia.

8. Deadlines
�� Abstract submission: October 12, 2007.
�� Announcement of abstract selection: October 17, 2007.
�� Submission of complete paper: November 24, 2007.
�� Participant’s registration: November 30, 2007.

9. Registration
�� Those whose paper is accepted for presentation must register to attend the seminar.
�� Registration form can be sent by mail or fax or email to the address at the end of this leaflet.
�� Photocopy of transfer receipt should be attached.
�� Registration will be closed when the number of participants reaches 15 teams (approximately 30 participants).

Research Grant and Publication
�� A jury team composed of the Team Leaders and experts will select the papers that are presented that meet the criteria as follows: conceptual and methodological approach, effectiveness, depths, comprehensiveness, and relevance to the themes.
�� The papers that meet the criteria will be facilitated to get research grant from funding to continue their research.
�� All papers presented will be published in cooperation with accredited journals and as a compendium on internet with the presenters’ agreement.

Tentative Programs of the Seminar
December 4, 2007
Time Agenda
8:00 – 9:00 Participants’ Re-registration
9:00 – 9:30 Opening
9:30 – 9:45 Coffee Break
9:45 – 11:15 Seminar I: “Gender Mainstreaming in Education: Poverty Reduction”
- Minister of Women Empowerment (to be confirmed)
11:15 – 12:00 Institut Pluralisme Indonesia – William Kwan H.L.
12:00 – 13:00 Lunch
13:00 – 15:30 Seminar II
Paper Presenters I
15:30 – 16:00 Coffee Break
16:00 – 18:30 Seminar III
Paper Presenters II
18:30 – 19:30 Dinner
19:30 – 21:00 Film

December 5, 2007
07:00 – 07:45 Breakfast
07:45 – 09:15 Seminar IV: “Women in Academia for Women at the Grassroots” - Prof. Margareth Gfrerer (ISEED)
09:15 – 09:30 Coffee Break
09:30 – 12:00 Seminar V
Paper Presenters III
12:00 – 13:00 Lunch
13:00 – 14:30 Seminar VI: "Gender and Education - Experiences from Germany” - Dr. Christoph Behrens - CIM
14:30 – 16:00 Seminar VII
Paper Presenters IV
16:00 – 16:30 Coffee Break
16:30 – 18:00 Film/Poster/Photo Presentation
18:00 – 19:00 Dinner
19:00 – 21:00 Cultural Night

December 6, 2007
07:00 – 07:45 Breakfast
07:45 – 09:15 Seminar VIII
Paper Presenters VI
09:15 – 09:30 Coffee Break
09:30 – 11:00 Business Meeting
11:00 – 12:00 Wrap Up of the Seminar & Closing
12:00 – 13:00 Lunch

11. Seminar Fees
�� Seminar fee for Indonesian participants is IDR 500,000.
�� Seminar fee for participants from outside Indonesia is US$100.
�� Seminar fee covers seminar kits, food, and accommodation.
�� Seminar fee for SWCU participants is IDR 250,000, which covers seminar kits and food (no accommodation).

12. Venue
Wahid Quality Hotel
Jalan Jendral Sudirman No. 2
Salatiga 50711, Central Java, Indonesia.

13. Contact
E-mail to pug_uksw@yahoo.com
or via post mail to
Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender
Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
Jalan Diponegoro No. 52-60
Salatiga 50711 Jawa Tengah,
Indonesia
or fax # 0298 321433.
Other means of contact:
Telephone: 0298 7101020;
Mobile: 0813 2667 6835/Purwanti Asih Anna Levi
08122881005/Purwanti Kusumanigtyas
Bank account:
Bank Jateng Cabang Salatiga
No. account: 2-033-09698-5

Steering Committee:
Prof. Margareth Gfrerer
Dr. Luc Comans
Ir. Arianti Ina R. Hunga, M.Si.

Executive Committee:
Purwanti Kusumaningtyas, M.Hum.
Purwanti Asih Anna Levi, S.S.
Tundjung Mahatma, S.Pd., Dip.Comp., M.Kom.
Volunteers

1st International Seminar on Gender Mainstreaming in Higher Education 2006

1. Introduction
After three decades of human resource development in Indonesia, gender equity as a realization of human rights is not yet realized (www.menegpp.go.id). Development outcomes by women are much less then by men. Investigations in the education sector show that gender inequity can be found in any education level, as early as play-groups up to higher education. Gender inequities happen in areas such as a) participation and access, b) quality and relevancy, and c) management of education (Diknas, 2004). Gender inequity is also an issue in field of innovation and technology and results in the marginalization of women in this area (UNESCO, 2005; Forum SE-Asia – Gender & Energy Conference 2006). The importance of gender aspects in education is enforced by the UNO as reflected in The Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action (1996): “…education is a part of human rights and is an important means to achieve the equality, development and peace”. The action program of Beijing Declaration defines 12 urgent areas. One of them is education, which becomes the main barrier for women to actualize themselves in their society.

The UNO, again, emphasized this by Millennium Development Goals. For these reasons, Gender Mainstreaming is required to be included in many institutions’ policies, including the higher education (UNDP, 2000). In Indonesia, the Presidential Directives (Inpres No.9/2000) becomes the legal foundation for the gender mainstreaming in education.

This international seminar invites researchers/lecturers from any discipline to set up and develop action programs of the gender mainstreaming in education in terms of the Three Services of the Higher Education (Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi) i.e. teaching, researching and community servicing.

2. Organisation
The form of this Seminar refers a similar event: the Forum SE-Asia – Gender & Energy Conference 2006 on 3-7 April 2006 implemented by the International Society for Expertise, Education and Development (I-SEED) sponsored by Japanese – Funds-in-Trust to UNESCO.

This Nnternational Seminar on Gender Mainstreaming in Higher Education 2006 is organized by the Center for Gender Research and Studies in cooperation with the Center for Application of Science for Rural Technology – Satya Wacana Christian University, Department of Education and Culture in Central Java, and International Society for Education, Expertise, & Development (I-SEED), and the State Ministry of Women Empowerment.

3. Objectives
The overall objective of this seminar is, to raise awareness to gender sensitivity in higher education in terms of the three main duties of the Higher Education (Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi).

The specific objective of this seminar is, to set up a national network of lecturers /researchers/university staffs and to increase capacity building activities in the field of gender mainstreaming in higher education.

4. Themes of the seminar
a. Implementation of gender mainstreaming in higher education curricula.
b. Implementation of gender mainstreaming in management of universities.
c. Implementation of gender mainstreaming in the innovations in the fields of Natural Science, Mathematics, Economics, Social and Culture.
d. Implementation of gender mainstreaming in the application of Technology
e. Other gender issues relevant to the theme.

5. Target groups
The Committee invites Researcher and Lecturer Teams to present papers to the seminar themes mentioned above. Each team is composed of 3 researchers/lecturers.

6. Beneficiaries
a. Researchers/Lecturers teaching/intending to teach subjects related to gender issues.
b. Researchers/Lecturers interested in gender issues.
c. Policy makers and decision makers in gender mainstreaming and its implementation in higher education.

7. Out-puts
a. Awareness of and commitment to gender equity in higher education.
b. Network of researchers, lecturers and university staff operating in the field of gender mainstreaming in higher education
c. A Forum of Gender Mainstreaming in Education, which will accommodate gender issues on conceptual, methodological levels.
d. Publication of papers, in cooperation with accredited journals.

8. Procedures
a. Before the Seminar
 Invitation to research teams will be sent starting 6th of November, 2006 via e-mail.
 Abstracts are to be submitted not later than 20th of November 2006,
via e-mail to ppsg_uksw@yahoo.com
or via fax to
Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender
Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
Jalan Diponegoro 52-60
Salatiga 50711
or fax # 0298 321433. Other means of contact: Telephone: 0298 7101020; mobile: 0813 2667 6835 / Asih.
 Enrollment of participants (non-presenters) by e-mail or fax to the address given above until 6th of December, 2006; 16:00 p.m.
 Selection of Abstracts: 20th – 22nd of November 2006.
 Results of abstract selection (sent via e-mail): 23rd - 24th of November 2006.
 Deadline of full paper submission is 5th of December, 2006.

b. During the Seminar
 Lectures to the topic
“The Implementations of Gender Mainstreaming in Higher Education” by the Deputy I to The Minister of Women Empowerment and I-SEED.
 Paper presentations with discussions
Modus: Each team has 50 minutes available: 20 minutes to present the paper and 30 minutes for discussion session.

9. Evaluation of the presentation
A jury team composed of the Team Leaders and experts will evaluate the paper presentations following the criteria: conceptional and methodological approach, effectiveness, depths, and comprehensiveness.

10. Awards
 The best team will be awarded
 Publication of papers in cooperation with accredited journals and as a compendium on internet

11. Seminar Fee
 The Hosting Institution will provide for the Presenting teams seminar kit, meals and accommodation (no seminar fee will be charged).
 Participants who are not presenting papers are charged with a seminar fee of IDR 75.000 for seminar kit and meals. Accommodation can be organized (IDR 50.000 per night per person).

12. Application Requirements
 Submission of the abstract together with the curriculum vitae (CV), research experience and publications of each team member (not more than one-page per team-member) and a coversheet, which includes the title of the paper, the names and e-mail of each team member; name, address, phone and fax of the institution/ organization.
 Abstract and full paper in English
 Conference Languages are English (main) and Bahasa Indonesia
 Formats: typed in MS Word. Paper size: A4 (210 x 297 mm), single-spaced, Font: Times New Roman 11 pts. Margin: left 3.5 cm, right 2 cm, top 3 cm, bottom 2 cm. Spacing between columns (if any): 1 cm. Foreign terms are typed Italic. Number of pages: 10 to 15, including pictures, graphics and tables.
 Structure: Title, Author, Abstract with Keywords, Introduction, Literature Review or Theoretical Background, Methodology, Findings/Results and Analysis, Conclusion, References, and may include Acknowledgments.

Riset Unggulan Kemitraan 2004/2005- Ristek: Pemberdayaan Pekerja Rumahan dan UKM Batik "Semokan" di Jateng

Membuat batik dengan teknik "semokan".


Membuat batik dengan mengkombinasikan teknik semokan & cap.

Industri Kecil-Menengah berbasis sistem “putting-out” dan Pengrajin Rumahan batik dan konveksi/garment batik terbelit dalam persoalan yang kompleks yang menyebabkan kinerja keduanya rendah, seperti tampak dalam antara lain; tidak mempunyai daya saing, produksi dan produktifitas rendah, kontinuitas usaha dan kerja rendah, berpotensi terhadap persoalan ketenagakerjaan (home-workers tidak tercatat sebagai tenaga kerja dan tidak dilindungi Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan), penguasaan teknologi yang terbatas, issue gender, issue lingkungan berkaitan dengan ekolabel, penggunaan bahan kimia beresiko pada kesehatan, limbah zat warna, dan pencemaran lingkungan lainnya.

Komoditi batik telah mengalami banyak pekembangan yang dapat dilihat dari desain (tradisional dan modern), teknik produksi (tulis, cap, sablon/printing, “semokan”, tolet, dan kombinasinya), orientasi pasar (domestik dan export), pelaku yang mengerjakan batik dan stereotype yang melekat pada komoditi tersebut (perempuan dan laki-laki), dan wilayah (banyak berkembang di Sragen, Sukoharjo, Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Klaten, dll.).

Salah satu jenis batik yang menunjukkan fenomena yang menarik adalah batik “semokan” atau batik gradasi dan "tolet". Menariknya jenis batik ini ditunjukkan dari data export yang terus meningkatkan terus sejak tahun 1996, integrasi dengan pasar global semakin intensif, pelakunya banyak didominasi laki-laki,dan kebutuhan perkembangan inovasi semakin cepat. Melihat fenomena ini, Riset Unggulan Kemitraan tahap I difokuskan pada produk ini. Desain RUK tahap I – II (2004-2006) menjadi bagian dari satu kesatuan program skala menengah – panjang (2004 – 2010) yang telah dirancang oleh Tim Peneliti Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender - Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana (PPSG-UKSW) untuk pemberdayaan industri batik di Jawa Tengah. Riset Unggulan Kemitraan yang dilaksanakan pada tahap I yang telah dilakukan dalam skala terbatas (pilot project) menunjukkan bahwa transformasi sistem “putting-out” dapat mendorong kinerja Industri Kecil-Menengah dan Pekerja Rumahan. Transformasi kinerja Industri Mikro-Kecil dan Pekerja Rumahan difokuskan pada empat aspek yang merupakan titik lemahnya, yaitu:
(1) sumber daya manusia (pengusaha dan Pekerja Rumahan) untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan dalam mengelola dan menjaga kontinuitas usaha dan pekerjaan,
(2) pengembangan produk (intensifikasi dan diversifikasi) untuk meningkatkan daya saing,
(3) penataan dan reorganisasi sistem produksi “putting-out” agar memungkinkan terjadinya nilai tambah, efisiensi, peningkatan kualitas, kuantitas, kontinuitas, dan menjaga ketepatan waktu dan
(4) penguatan kelompok dan advokasi untuk meningkatkan daya tawar dalam jaringan bisnis dan membangun jaminan sosial informal yang berkelanjutan.

Model transformasi memakai pendekatan sistem sebagai satu kesatuan produksi (cluster) yang menekankan dinamika kelompok dengan memakai metode partisipatif riset aksi. Pengusaha dan Pekerja Rumahan serta keluarganya dilihat sebagai satu kesatuan sistem produksi dalam jaringan bisnis yang luas. Terjadi perubahan hubungan transaksi yang strategis antara Pekerja Rumahan – industri sekaligus Pekerja Rumahan secara bersama dengan industri lainnya jaringan bisnis. Maka transformasi yang memberdayakan individu, memberdayakan kelompok, memberdayakan keluarga Pekerja Rumahan akan menciptakan sistem yang sinergis dan mendorong kinerja semua komponen dalam satu kesatuan produksi (industri – Pekerja Rumahan dan keluarganya).

Melalui Riset Unggulan Kemitraan tahun 2004, pemberdayaan Industri Mikro – Kecil – Menengah batik dan garment batik yang menekankan pada kemampuan dan ketrampilan pengembangan produk yang menekankan jaminan kualitas, sesuai kebutuhan pasar dan penguatan kelompok dalam jaringan bisnis. Untuk itu, bengkel kerja sebagai wadah transfer teknologi pembatikan dan pewarnaan yang sesuai selera pasar dan ramah lingkungan menjadi salah satu kebutuhan yang perlu mendapat perhatian dan dukungan, khususnya pada tingkat industri mikro dan Pekerja Rumahan. Terintegrasi dengan adanya bengkel latihan dan produksi bersama, dibutuhkan adanya integrasi sinergis dengan pengusaha menengah yang telah memiliki pasar yang luas (ekspor). Melalui program ini, ada integrasi kegiatan yang berkesinambungan mulai transfer teknologi, produksi bersama, dan penjualan bersama. Transformasi sistem pada tataran mikro (industri mikro dan Pekerja Rumahan) perlu diintegasikan secara horizontal ke industri mikro-kecil dan Pekerja Rumahan dan secara vertikal ke industri menengah yang telah memiliki jaringan pemasaran yang luas. Integrasi horizontal dan vertikal dalam upaya meningkatkan jaminan mutu produk, kapasitas, kontinuitas, dan ketepatan waktu. Kinerja yang sinergis ini memungkinkan setiap pelaku dalam sistem memperoleh manfaat positif.

Seminar Nasional Batik Sragen 2006

A. Latar belakang
Sragen merupakan salah satu pusat batik di Jawa Tengah, selain Pekalongan, Solo dan Lasem. Kontribusi sektor industri batik bagi pendapatan daerah Kabupaten Sragen cukup signifikan. Selain itu batik telah lama menjadi sumber pendapatan utama bagi masyarakat Sragen, khususnya masyarakat Kecamatan Masaran dan Plupuh. Jumlah tenaga kerja yang terserap di sektor ini dan pangsa pasar produk batik yang cukup besar dan luas membuktikan bahwa sektor industri batik tidak boleh dipandang sebelah mata. Menurut data yang ada, jumlah pengrajin batik yang tersebar dua sentra batik ini 10.000-an pengrajin (Pemda Sragen; 2004).

Selain itu, telah terbukti juga bahwa sektor ini cukup kuat menghadapi hantaman krisis ekonomi yang menerpa perekonomian Indonesia semenjak tahun 1997. selain pertimbangan ekonomis, batik juga sarat makna budayanya sehingga perlu dilestarikan. Kualitas produk batik Sragen dapat diandalkan dan harganya cukup kompetitif. Namun dalam hal pemasaran, produk Batik Sragen menghadapi beberapa kendala antara lain saluran distribusi yang masih terbatas dan belum terfokus.

Batik Sragen tidak hanya memenuhi permintaan domestik tetapi sudah ada yang diekspor ke manca negara. Namun batik Sragen belum banyak dikenal publik (nasional dan internasional). Untuk memperkenalkan batik Sragen secara lebih luas, perlu diadakan seminar nasional. Untuk meralisasikan tujuan ini, Pusat Penelitian dan Studi Gender - Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana bekerjasama dengan Pemkab Sragen menyelenggarakan Seminar Nasional "Potensi Batik Sragen untuk Meningkatkan Ekonomi Masyarakat" pada tahun 2006. Diharapkan melalui seminar seperti ini tidak hanya dapat memperkenalkan batik Sragen tetapi dapat mendorong penjualan batik ke berbagai pelosok tanah air dan ekspor. Dengan demikian, dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan pengrajin batik khususnya dan perekonomian Kabupaten Sragen pada umumnya.

B. Tujuan Seminar

Melalui seminar ini diharapkan dapat:

1. Memperkenalkan potensi dan prospek Batik Sragen dari sudut pandang: Pemerintah; Pengusaha Batik; Pemerhati batik (Perguruan Tinggi dan LSM pendamping pengrajin Batik).

2. Mengetahui masalah-masalah yang dihadapi industri Batik Sragen dan mencari pemecahannya.

C. Sasaran Program:
Peserta seminar sejumlah 100 orang antara lain perwakilan dari:

a. Pengrajin Batik dan Pengusaha Batik
b. Lembaga Keuangan Mikro, Biro Perjalanan, dll.
c. Pemerintah Daerah
d. Perguruan Tinggi, Pusat/Balai Penelitian yang memberi perhatian pada Batik
e. LSM pendamping pengrajin Batik
f. Pemerhati Batik

D. Metode Pelaksanaan:
Dilakukan melalui seminar nasional sehari.

E. Waktu Pelaksanaan:
Seminar dilaksanakn pada tanggal 25 Februari 2006 di Ruang Kaca Rumah Dinas Bupati Sragen jam 09.00 – 14.00 WIB.